Device foe hydrocarbon emines



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

J. RICHARDSON & W. NORRIS. OIL SUPPLYING DEVICE FOR HYDROOARBON ENGINES.

No. 500,673. Patented July 4, 1893.

' (No Model.) 3 Sheets-Shet-2.

J. RICHARDSON 8v W. NORRIS OIL SUPPEYING DEVICE FOR HYDROOARBON ENGINES. No. 500,673.

Patented July 4, 1893.

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

J. RICHARDSON & W. NORRIS. OIL SUPPLYING DEVICE FOR HYDBUGARBON ENGINES.

No. 500,673. Patented July 4, 1893.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.-

JOHN RICHARDSON AND WVILLIAM NORRIS, OF LINCOLN, ENGLAND.

OlL-SUPPLYlNG DEVICE FOR HYDROCARBON-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 500,673, dated July 4, 1893.

Application filed March 12, 1892. Serial No. 424,645- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, J OHN RICHARDSON and WILLIAM NORRIS, citizens of Great Britain, residing at Lincoln,in the county of Lincoln, England, have invented certain new and use ful Improvements in Oil-Supplying Engines; and we do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

Our invention relates to the oil pump and valves of petroleum and other liquid hydrocarbon or liquid fuel engines together with the arrangement of pipes, regulating attachments, oil reservoirs and actuating gear.

The object of our invention is to secure a controllable supply of oil in such manner that all risk of failure of the oil pump is avoided, and the action of the engine is rendered as reliable as that of a gas engine. We accomplish this object generally by arranging our oil pump to force about five times the actual oil supply required to feed the engine and allowing the excess oil to return to the oil reservoir through a loaded valve, the oil entering the cylinder being admitted by a timed admission valve.

Referring to the three accompanying sheets of drawings, Figures 1 to 6 inclusive illustrate the application of our invention. Fig. 1 is a side view of the oil pump and its co-operating parts, partly in section. Figs. 2, 3, land 5, are, respectively, a longitudinal section, a sectional plan, an end elevation, and a detail view, of a modification of the devices shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a side view of a petroleum engine, partly in section, and shows a second modification of the invention.

Fig. 1 is a section of one modification of our invention, and the arrangement and action is as follows :The oil pump plunger A is lifted by a spiral spring and is forced down by the bell crank lever B actuated from the cam O on the valve motion shaft 0. The stroke is so proportioned that the discharge of the pump is several times that of the charge of oil required to be injected into the engine cylinder; we find five times the volume of the actual oil charge required to be a suitable proportion. The oil charge is taken from the main oil reservoir K to the pump by the pipe K through the valve A and it is discharged by the valve A through the pipe A to the space between the valves E and G. The valve G is loaded by a spiral spring to a predetermined pressure, so that it opens immediately that pressure is exceeded and the excess oil flows by the pipe G to the small oil reservoir H and thence returns to the main reservoir K by the pipe H. During the stroke of the pump plunger-A the space between the valves E and G is thus kept supplied with oil at a constant pressure as determined by the load put on G by the spiral spring. The oil charge is admitted to the engine cylinder by the valve E actuated by the spindle E, the bell crank lever D, cam D and valve shaft 0. When the valve E is opened, the oil under pressure at once passes under it and enters by a small hole or holes to the passage F whence it is injected into the cylinder through an aperture of suitably small diameter. The passage F is also fitted with a plug carrying a sufficiently small aperture as it is highly desirable that the minimum oil clearance be allowed between the valve E and the cylinder. The pump A thus pumps a volume of oil greatly in excess of that required for the explosion charge, and the amount of oil admitted to the cylinder depends on the amount and duration of opening of the valve E; this is determined partly by the shape of the cam D and partly by the lift of the valve. The screw D is applied to the end of the bell crank lever D in order to adjust this lift and vary the amount of the charge. In this manner we overcome the difficulty of leakage back which is so prejudicial in most petroleum engines where the pump only forces the very small volume of liquid required for each charge. The overflow pipe H from the small oil reservoir H is so placed that the plungerAis always immersed in oil and packing is dispensed with. The valve spindle E is suitably packed in any convenient manner.

Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 show respectively, longitudinal section, sectional plan, end elevation and an elevation of a detail of another modification of our invention. This modifi rco cation differs from that hereinbefore described in the combination of the pump plunger and the inlet valve to the cylinder in one casting. At Fig. 2, A is the pump plunger which is in this case packed, and it draws petroleum from the main reservoir bythe pipe K discharging it by the valve A to the space between E and G. G is the return plpe which may here lead to the main reservoir. The casting Q thus carries the oil pump and all the oil feed and delivery arrangements. At Fig. 3 the plug Lis shown with the aperture L communicating with a small hole L under the valve E. This plug is rotated by the handle or lever M and serves to cut off the oil supply when it is desired to stop the engine. Aspring M is applied to thrust the conical plug home. Fig. 5 is an external elevation of the handle or lever M. The casting Q is attached to the side of the combustion chamber and a projection from the plug L as shown at L Fig. 3 passes into the chamher. The arrangement of the plug L is most convenient as it allows the aperture L to be readily examined and cleaned. Fig. 4 shows the position of the casting Q as bolted against the combustion chamber and the arrangement of the bell crank levers l3 and D, and the valve shaft 0 with its cams O and D The lever 13 operates the plunger A while D operates the valve spindle E.

Fig. 6 shows another arrangement to indicate generally the mode of applying our invention to a petroleum engine. Here the pump plungerAis immersed in oil in the small reservoir H, but the plunger A is actuated by an eccentric M from the valve shaft 0 instead of a cam. A handle R is also provided to rotate the eccentric N so as to enable the pump to be moved by hand to make the engine start. A ratchet device is applied to enable the pump eccentric to be rotated independently of the valve shaft 0.

In Fig. 6, A is the oil discharge from the pump, and G is the excess oil return pipe.

The roller 0 is carried on the end of the oil valve lever D and is controlled by alever moved from the governor sleeve P. When the roller 0 is moved to one side it misses a cam as D (Fig. 4) and no oil is supplied for succeeding stroke so that the engine governs precisely as with a gas engine.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our said invention and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declare that what we claim is- 1. The combination, with a circulating pump provided with a loaded return valve whereby a prearranged pressure is obtained in the oil delivery pipe, and having a relatively very small passage leading from the said delivery pipe to the combustion chamber of the engine, of a valve normally closing the said passage, and trip mechanism operating simultaneously to actuate the said pump and to lift the said valve atintervals, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. The combination, with a circulating pump provided with a loaded return valve whereby a prearranged pressure is obtained in the oil delivery pipe, and having a small passage leading from the said delivery pipe to the combustion chamber of the engine, of a valve normally closing the said passage, a revoluble cam and a pivoted bell-crank lever for depressing the pump plunger, and a second revoluble cam and bell crank lever for lifting the said valve and permitting a portion of the oil to be forced into the combustion chamber, the two said cams being set to operate simultaneously, and the said oil passage being relatively very small, whereby a substantially constant pressure is maintained in the delivery pipe, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

3. The combination, with the main reservoir, of the reservoir H above it, the pump in reservoir H, the pipe II connecting the two reservoirs, the oil delivery pipe A the loaded return valve G connected thereto, the admission valve E in the delivery pipe, and the oil return pipe G connecting the space above the return valve G with the reservoir I-I, substantially as set forth.

In testimony whereof we affix our signatures in presence of two witnesses.

J Ol-IN RICHARDSON. WILLIAM NORRIS. Witnesses:

HENRY OXLEY, I. R. RAITHBY, Notctrys Clerks, 1% Silver Street, Lincoln. 

